Their main functions are to receive energy transmitted at high voltage from the generating station, reduce the voltage to a value appropriate for local distribution and provide facilities for switching. Ensure that a safe area, free of flammable materials, is selected. Current transformer when current in a circuit is too high to directly apply to measuring instruments, a current transformer is used. Design of power substation authorstream presentation. Aug 19, 2010 substation, its function and types an electrical substation is an assemblage of electrical components including busbars, switchgear, power transformers, auxiliaries etc. Electric power equipment maintenance and testing, 2nd edition. Dec 31, 2015 what are different insulators employed in substations. Functions generator stepup transmission center distribution. Tikhodeev encyclopedia of life support systems eolss into substation equipment systems. This is the first component in an electrical substation, and the main function of these components is to protect the components of the substation from passing high voltage as well as stops the amplitude and duration of the flow of current.
This electricity is then supplied to a transmission substation near the generating plant. The substation buses are currentcarrying devices that interconnect the individual pieces of substation equipment. Practical considerations in applying iec 61850 for. Substation equipment and its function 2 slideshare.
The substation design manual is not intended to replace asset management standards, but rather. Based on the availability of different resources, substations are building at different locations, but these locations may not be closer to load centers. Management science by aryasri ebook pdf free download click here to download. Fuji electric has developed sf6 gasimmersed transformers since 1973. Iec 6185081 also enables splitting between function.
One of the biggest challenges in the implementation of substation automation systems is the. Home technical articles substation main functions and classification primary distribution alstom 145kv gasinsulated switchgear gis f35 at the shuqaiq hv substation in saudi arabia an electrical substation is an assemblage of electrical components including busbars, switchgear, power transformers, auxiliaries etc. Design guide for rural substations usda rural development. The purpose of the database is to provide a basis for developing or improving equipment vulnerability functions. Practical considerations in applying iec 61850 for protection. A substation job will help you to gain experience in installation and maintenance of electrical substation equipments, testing and repairing high voltage electricity lines and switchgears. Information produced and required by each substation is given in the iec61850 standard. This module introduces trainees to the function of substations at all levels of the power grid, with an. The selection of an electric motor for any application depends on which of the following.
Distribution substation a distribution substation transfers power from the transmission system to the distribution system of an area. This is done by automatically circuit breaker by the help of relay. Fundamentals of modern electrical substations part 1. Apr 02, 2016 kel37 page 2 substation equipments and its function distribution system the major function of distribution system is to provide power to individual consumer requirement. The manual is applicable for all substation projects regardless of internalexternal construction delivery mode. Fundamentals of electrical substations and switchgear. The type of equipment needed in the substation will depend upon the service. For any fault over the substation station we need to break the circuit it means that line current. Substation equipment and their functions essay 57411 words. The following current and former members of the substation subcommittee of the nreca.
Electrical substation components list diagram, working. Rules to follow for substation safety published on. To join one of the reputed engineering works, browse the wisdomjobs page and read the substation job interview questions and answers to crack the interview. It also is used to change ac voltages from one level to another, andor change alternating current to direct current or direct current to alternating current. Functional architecture the main substation automation sa function consists of several sub functions which are appropriately interfaced. Some of the insulators employed in substations are. The circuit breakers shall be trip free so that the contacts cannot be held closed against an. Moreover, the standard allows a free allocation of these functions and accepts any system philosophy, from a distributed architecture e.
Outdoor equipments the following are the various ehv outdoor equipments and their functions are here under. A substation has several equipments which are briefly discussed below. Substation automation systems make their control and. The electrical substation design is a complex method with full of engineer planning. Their main functions are to receive energy transmitted at high voltage from the generating station, reduce the voltage to a value. The system illustrated in figure 423 can freely expand as necessary and is free of captured spans that. To better understand the importance of electrical substations, lets start with a discussion about the structure of the power systems and their main components. Technical guide the mvlv transformer substations abb group. These components are connected in a definite sequence such that a circuit can be switched off during normal operation by manual command and also automatically during abnormal. Creepage distance is the shortest distance between two conducting points along the surface of the insulating. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, or perform any of several other important functions. In power system network, in order to transmit and distribute the generated power, it is necessary to install substations at strategic points to work at required voltage level since high voltage transmission is resorted to. The most recent shipment was a 110kv, 40mva unit to the shimada substation.
The selection is made in the software and choice of cpu capacity. These are having a function of protecting equipment of substation from high voltages and are also limiting the amplitude and duration of the currents flow. If you have work that needs to be done in the house, you will need to consider their schedule. The substation construction manual is not intended to replace asset management standards, but. Electrical energy systems components and substations for electrical transmission and distribution systems b. Electricity is generated in a thermal power plant, hydroelectric power plant, and nuclear power plant, etc. Substation equipments transformer electrical substation. Electric power substations components and functions ibibor s. It means that you will have to refinance into a home rehab loan. Substations are congregation of electrical equipment through wh. Electrical substation switch yard general equipments free download as powerpoint presentation. The lightning arresters can be considered as the first ever components of a substation. A substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and distribution system. Substations a substation is a highvoltage electric system facility.
The key steps in the substation designing include switchingsystem, planning and placing of equipment, selection of components as well as ordering, support of engineers, structural design, the design of electrical layout, protection of relay, and major apparatus ratings. Maintenance and operation of an electrical substation of 220233 kv. In the fault situations the electric apparatus and systems become dangerous to humans. Ac power is required for substation building small power, lighting, heating and ventilation, some communications equipment, switchgear operating mechanisms, anticondensation heaters and motors. Substation automation concept 1mrk 500 060ben page 4 protection and control terminals contd series 200 terminals the same terminal can be used for more than one object and various functions. Automation involves the deployment of substation and feeder operating functions and. Each substation has the following parts and equipment. The document is divided into 12 chapters starting from. The input for a distribution substation is typically at least two transmission or subtransmission lines. Substation equipment substation devices latest price. S, nagarathna t abstract the substation is the heart of the power system. Drawings or informational data shall be provided as a standard pdf file. Substation has a critical role in power network because it is a subsidiary station of an electricity generation, transmission and distribution system where voltage is transformed from high to low. A case study on substation load and transmission line.
Pin insulators post insulators strain insulators suspension insulators hallow apparatus insulators deadend insulators solid core insulators what is creepage distance. Substation equipment and their functions substations introduction. In this article you will learn different types of substations, their functions and different equipment used used in them. The engineering function is generally more than furnishing of design and.
Based on their function, the voltage of power being handled at the. Substation equipments and functions 50 hr interview questions and answers sai saikumar jn 1. This webinar discusses the basic configuration of a substation as well as the key players involved with operations and control of transmission and distribution circuits. Between the generating station and consumer, electric power may flow through several substations at different voltage levels. Growing demand of power can be fulfilled by establishing new substations. There are different types of power generating substations like thermal, atomic, and hydroelectric. Line trap a line trap also called wave trap free parallel resonant circuit, connected series with high voltage transmission power. Supply of electric power to different consumers is done at low voltage level.
Introduction to substations annotated instructors guide module overview this module introduces trainees to the function of substations at all levels of the power grid, with an introduction to typical substation components included. A distribution substation transfers power from the transmission system to the. Distribution voltages are typically medium voltage, between 2. Maintenance and operation of an electrical substation of. Basic substation configurations and the components avo training. Webinar substation the basics of a substation configuration. The role of ehvehv and ehvhv substations in transmission network. What are the different types of electrical substation. Substation integration involves integrating protection, control, and data acquisition functions into a minimal number of platforms to reduce capital and operating costs, reduce panel and control room space, and eliminate redundant equipment and databases. These types of transformers are increasingly used in urban substations.
The different types of substations mainly include stepup type substation, stepdown transformer, distribution, underground distribution, switchyard, customer substation, and system station. These corona rings are placed suitably to metal clamps, joints to encircle the conductors surface. Collector substations also exist where multiple thermal or hydroelectric power plants of comparable output power are in proximity. Distribution substation is a substation from which electric supply is distributed to the different users. To better understand the importance of electrical substations, lets start with a discussion about the structure of the power systems and their. Substation interview questions answers engineering tutorial. High voltage substation design and application guide eep. This high voltage is very dangerous to the instruments used in the substation. For all the power system operations, substations are required for their course of action.
Jun 26, 2017 the power system is a constituent of power generation, transmission and distribution systems. The purpose of this document is to provide a general guide to the design of an air insulated switchgear ais and a gas insulated switchgear gis of an ac substation. Pdf green and sustainable power is the need of the day. Corona rings also called grading rings are hallow metallic rings having large diameter and will have a smooth surface. Components and substations for electrical transmission and. Bus bars are the conductors to which a number of incoming and outgoing circuits are connected. It is used to switch generators, equipment, and circuits or lines in and out of a system. The equipment like bus bars, isolator, power transformer etc. Management science by aryasri ebook pdf free download. It is observed that corona discharge occurs mostly at sharp corners, edges near the conductor fixing points.
Electrical substation components, workings and their functions. Pdf maintenance and operation of an electrical substation. Unesco eolss sample chapters electrical energy systems components and substations for electrical transmission and distribution systems b. Ehvehv and ehvhv substations are an important element of the electricity transmission network of a country or of a large area of a country and their functions are. In the transmission substation the voltage is increased substantially using step up transformers. This feature together with the possibility of free allocation of functions paves the way for a vast range of possible solutions for protection and substation automation sa systems. Chapter 4 substation configuration reliability estimatio n by successful path method substations are integral parts of a power system. For transferring of electrical power from generating unit to distributing units various types of electrical equipment are required. Iec 61850 is a comprehensive standard covering also.
The manual is applicable for all substation projects regardless of internalexternal design delivery mode. This type of substation gets the power supply from a near producing facility. The collector substation can also provide power factor correction if it is needed, metering and control of the wind farm. Substation definition n critical for generation, transmission, and distribution system n performs several important switching functions n may have various voltage levels before it reaches the customer n owned and operated by an electrical utility or a large industrialcommercial customer. Pdf development of an electrical substation equipment. Dc power is used to feed essential services such as circuit breaker trip coils and associated relays, supervisory control and data acquisition scada and communications equipment. The power system is a constituent of power generation, transmission and distribution systems.
His one is the first video i am putting on my channel. A case study on substation load and transmission line losses in 220kv receiving station mallikarjuna g d,sunita h. Sep 16, 2012 a current transformer is defined as an instrument transformer in which the secondary current is substantially proportional to the primary current under normal conditions of operation and differs in phase from it by an angle which is approximately zero for an appropriate direction of the connections. Ppt on substation equipments authorstream presentation. Part 1 also provides an overview of substation major equipment, explaining the mission, and arrangement of each component. They are important links between the generating station, transmission systems, distribution systems and the loads at consumer level. Oct 18, 2017 this webinar discusses the basic configuration of a substation as well as the key players involved with operations and control of transmission and distribution circuits. At present, the demand for electrical power is growing rapidly, and this can be fulfilled by the power generating substations. Series 200 is dedicated to complex applications which require many functions included.
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